Folate (5-MTHF / Methylfolate)
Plain-language research summary.
Detail
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Active folate that supports fetal neural tube development, methylation, and red blood cell formation — a cornerstone for preconception and pregnancy care.
Common Dietary Sources
- Leafy greens (spinach, romaine), legumes, citrus
- Fortified grains (as folic acid; converted variably)
How the Body Uses It
Folate is required for one-carbon metabolism, DNA synthesis/repair, and methylation (as 5-methyltetrahydrofolate). Methylfolate bypasses MTHFR conversion, providing the active form directly.
Supplement Origins
Supplements include folic acid (synthetic, requires conversion) and L-5-MTHF (methylfolate), the bioactive form used by the body.
Possible Uses
- Preconception and prenatal support to reduce neural tube defect risk
- Correcting low folate status or elevated homocysteine
- Nutritional support in individuals with MTHFR variants
Long-Term Use
Safe at recommended doses; prenatal dosing typically starts ≥1 month before conception and continues through the first trimester per guidelines.
Dose Guidance
Studied
400–800 µg/day for most adults; 600 µg/day during pregnancy; 4 mg/day in prior NTD pregnancy under medical supervision
Choose methylfolate for direct activity; combine with B12 for methylation balance.
Forms
L-5-MTHF (methylfolate)
Standardization: Bioactive form; supports individuals with reduced MTHFR activity
Folic acid
Standardization: Synthetic form; widely used in fortification and many prenatals
Delivery
Coming soon.
Evidence & Studies
Substantial reduction in neural tube defects with periconceptional folate
Lowered homocysteine with folate (strongest when combined with B12/B6)
References
Safety & Cautions
Cautions
- High-dose folic acid may mask B12 deficiency; assess B12 when indicated
Contraindications
No explicit contraindications listed.
Interactions
- Works with B12 and B6 in methylation pathways
- Certain antiepileptic and antifolate drugs can interfere with folate status